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Lech Wałęsa ( or ; ;〔(Wałęsa ). Merriam-Webster.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Wałęsa - Define Wałęsa at Dictionary.com )〕 born 29 September 1943) is a Polish politician, trade-union organizer, philanthropist and human-rights activist. A charismatic leader, he co-founded Solidarity (''Solidarność''), the Soviet bloc's first independent trade union, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983, and served as President of Poland from 1990 to 1995. Wałęsa was an electrician by trade. Soon after beginning work at the Lenin Shipyard (now Gdańsk Shipyard), he became a dissident trade-union activist. For this he was persecuted by the Communist authorities, placed under surveillance, fired in 1976, and arrested several times. In August 1980 he was instrumental in political negotiations that led to the ground-breaking Gdańsk Agreement between striking workers and the government. He became a co-founder of the Solidarity trade-union movement. Arrested again after martial law was imposed in Poland and Solidarity was outlawed, upon release he continued his activism and was prominent in the establishment of the 1989 Round Table Agreement that led to semi-free parliamentary elections in June 1989 and to a Solidarity-led government. In the Polish election of 1990, he successfully ran for the newly re-established office of President of Poland. He presided over Poland's transformation from a communist to a post-communist state, but his popularity waned. After he narrowly lost the 1995 presidential election, his role in Polish politics diminished. However, his international fame remains. Wałęsa continues to speak and lecture in Poland and abroad on history and politics. ==Personal life== Wałęsa was born in Popowo, Poland.〔 His father, Bolesław, was a carpenter who was arrested by the Nazis before Lech was born and interned in a concentration camp at Młyniec. Bolesław returned home after the war but lived only two months before succumbing to exhaustion and illness – he was not yet 34 years old.〔Pages 129–131. Walesa, Lech. "The Struggle and the Triumph: An Autobiography". Arcade Publishing (1991). ISBN 1-55970-221-4.〕 Lech's mother, Feliksa, born Kamienska, has been credited with shaping her son's beliefs and tenacity.〔David C. Cook (22 February 2005), ''Mothers of Influence: The Inspiring Stories of Women Who Made a Difference in Their Children and Their World.'' New edition. ISBN 1562923684.〕 In 1961, Lech graduated from primary and vocational school in nearby Chalin and Lipno as a qualified electrician. He worked from 1961 to 1965 as a car mechanic, then embarked on his two-year obligatory stint of military service, attaining the rank of corporal, before beginning work at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk (), now called Gdańsk Shipyard (), as an electrician on 12 July 1967.〔Page 95. Walesa, Lech. "The Struggle and the Triumph: An Autobiography". Arcade Publishing (1991). ISBN 1-55970-221-4.〕 On 8 November 1969 Wałęsa married Danuta Gołoś. The couple have eight children: Bogdan, Sławomir, Przemysław, Jarosław, Magdalena, Anna, Maria-Wiktoria, and Brygida.〔(A Biographical Note ), Lech Wałęsa Institute〕〔, Lech Wałęsa Institute.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lech Wałęsa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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